See laufn on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "loufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German loufen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hloufan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hloufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlaupan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "laufen"
},
"expansion": "German laufen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lopen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lopen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leap"
},
"expansion": "English leap",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "løbe"
},
"expansion": "Danish løbe",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German loufen, from Old High German hloufan, loufan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan. Cognate with German laufen, Dutch lopen, English leap and lope, Danish løbe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glaufn",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bar-conj\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "laufn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "laufst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufadst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lauft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laufad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laufn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "laufadn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "laufts",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "laufads",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufts",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glaufn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pp": "glaufn"
},
"expansion": "laufn (past participle glaufn)",
"name": "bar-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "East Central"
},
"expansion": "(East Central Bavarian)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"imp-pl": "laufts",
"imp-sg": "lauf",
"part-past": "glaufn",
"pres-pl": "laufn",
"pres-pl2": "laufts",
"pres-sg1": "lauf",
"pres-sg2": "laufst",
"pres-sg3": "lauft",
"subj-pl": "laufadn",
"subj-pl2": "laufads",
"subj-sg": "laufad",
"subj-sg2": "laufadst"
},
"name": "bar-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We went for a run today.",
"text": "Mia woan heid laufn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to run, to jog"
],
"id": "en-laufn-bar-verb-7nge0MFY",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"jog",
"jog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to run, to jog"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is the water running?",
"text": "Lauft's Wåsser?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to flow; to leak; to run"
],
"id": "en-laufn-bar-verb-KEGjfHpf",
"links": [
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"leak",
"leak"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of a fluid) to flow; to leak; to run"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a fluid"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 7 61 20 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 9 51 21 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 75 13 5 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "East Central Bavarian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 58 15 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 74 13 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The project is progressing now.",
"text": "Des Projekt lauft jetzt.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be in progress; to run"
],
"id": "en-laufn-bar-verb-1U4xcULy",
"links": [
[
"progress",
"progress"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of an event) to be in progress; to run"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an event"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "bar",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "bar:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The program is not running correctly.",
"text": "Is Programm lauft net richtig.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to run, to execute (a program)"
],
"id": "en-laufn-bar-verb-GG7UTB9x",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"execute",
"execute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, computing) to run, to execute (a program)"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Everything works just fine.",
"text": "Ois lauft wia's soi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be in order; to work; to function"
],
"id": "en-laufn-bar-verb-jJU6oSC9",
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of an event) to be in order; to work; to function"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an event"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Time passes fast.",
"text": "De Zeit lauft schnö.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass; to flow"
],
"id": "en-laufn-bar-verb-xYp1uo1V",
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of time) to pass; to flow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑɔ̯fɱ̩/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɒːfɱ̩/",
"note": "Vienna"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rennan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "laffn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"Southern",
"West"
],
"word": "laffa"
}
],
"word": "laufn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bavarian lemmas",
"Bavarian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms derived from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"Bavarian verbs",
"East Central Bavarian",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "loufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German loufen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hloufan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hloufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlaupan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "laufen"
},
"expansion": "German laufen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lopen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lopen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leap"
},
"expansion": "English leap",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "løbe"
},
"expansion": "Danish løbe",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German loufen, from Old High German hloufan, loufan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan. Cognate with German laufen, Dutch lopen, English leap and lope, Danish løbe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glaufn",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bar-conj\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "laufn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "laufst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufadst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lauft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laufad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laufn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "laufadn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "laufts",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "laufads",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufts",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glaufn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pp": "glaufn"
},
"expansion": "laufn (past participle glaufn)",
"name": "bar-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "East Central"
},
"expansion": "(East Central Bavarian)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"imp-pl": "laufts",
"imp-sg": "lauf",
"part-past": "glaufn",
"pres-pl": "laufn",
"pres-pl2": "laufts",
"pres-sg1": "lauf",
"pres-sg2": "laufst",
"pres-sg3": "lauft",
"subj-pl": "laufadn",
"subj-pl2": "laufads",
"subj-sg": "laufad",
"subj-sg2": "laufadst"
},
"name": "bar-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian terms with usage examples",
"Bavarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We went for a run today.",
"text": "Mia woan heid laufn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to run, to jog"
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"jog",
"jog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to run, to jog"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is the water running?",
"text": "Lauft's Wåsser?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to flow; to leak; to run"
],
"links": [
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"leak",
"leak"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of a fluid) to flow; to leak; to run"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a fluid"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The project is progressing now.",
"text": "Des Projekt lauft jetzt.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be in progress; to run"
],
"links": [
[
"progress",
"progress"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of an event) to be in progress; to run"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an event"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian terms with usage examples",
"bar:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The program is not running correctly.",
"text": "Is Programm lauft net richtig.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to run, to execute (a program)"
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"execute",
"execute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, computing) to run, to execute (a program)"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Everything works just fine.",
"text": "Ois lauft wia's soi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be in order; to work; to function"
],
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of an event) to be in order; to work; to function"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an event"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Time passes fast.",
"text": "De Zeit lauft schnö.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass; to flow"
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of time) to pass; to flow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑɔ̯fɱ̩/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɒːfɱ̩/",
"note": "Vienna"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rennan"
},
{
"word": "laffn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"Southern",
"West"
],
"word": "laffa"
}
],
"word": "laufn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for laufn meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: present tense",
"path": [
"laufn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "laufn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: past tense",
"path": [
"laufn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "laufn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: subjunctive",
"path": [
"laufn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "laufn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '1st person plur.'",
"path": [
"laufn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "laufn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person plur.'",
"path": [
"laufn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "laufn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '3rd person plur.'",
"path": [
"laufn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "laufn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.